This submission contains several papers, a final report, descriptions of a theoretical framework for two types of control systems, and descriptions of eight real-time flap load control policies with the objective of assessing the potential improvement of annual average capture efficiency at a reference site on an MHK device developed by Resolute Marine Energy, Inc. (RME). The submission also contains an LCOE model that estimates the performance and related energy cost improvements that each advanced control system might provide and recommendations for improving DOE's LCOE model. The two types of control systems are for wave energy converters which transform data into commands that, in the case of RME's OWSC wave energy converter, provide real-time adjustments to damping forces applied to the prime mover via the power take-off system (PTO). The control theories developed were: 1) Model Predictive Control (MPC) or so-called "non-causal" control whereby sensors deployed seaward of a wave energy converter measure incoming wave characteristics and transmit that information to a data processor which issues commands to the PTO to adjust the damping force to an optimal value; and 2) "Causal" control which utilizes local sensors on the wave energy converter itself to transmit information to a data processor which then issues appropriate commands to the PTO. The two advanced control policies developed by Scruggs and Re Vision were then compared to a simple control policy, Coulomb damping, which was utilized by RME during the two rounds of ocean trials it had conducted prior to the commencement of this project. The project work plan initially included a provision for RME to conduct hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing of the data processors and configurations of valves, sensors and rectifiers needed to implement the two advanced control systems developed by Scruggs and Re Vision Consulting but the funding for that aspect of the project was cut at the conclusion of Budget Period 1. Accordingly, more work needs to be done to determine: a) means and feasibility of implementing real-time control; and b) added costs associated with such implementation taking into account estimated effects on system availability in addition to component costs.

Development of Mobility Control Methods to Improve Oil Recovery by CO2, Second Annual Report, September 1982

Development of Mobility Control Methods to Improve Oil Recovery by CO2, Annual Report, March 1981

Evaluation of surfactants as steam diverters/mobility control agents in light oil steamfloods: Effect of oil composition, rates and experimental conditions.

This report summarizes the design and execution of a wave tank test of the floating oscillating surge wave energy converter (FOSWEC) in the O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory Directional Wave Basin at Oregon State University. This device, which uses two "flaps" that pivot about a central platform when excited by waves, has a natural frequency within the range of the waves by which it is excited. The FOSWEC was originally considered to be a 1:33 scale device, however, for the current tests, no fixed relative scale is used (i.e., the WEC is considered to be scaled for the basin?s wave environment in which it operates). The primary goal of this test was to assess the degree to which previously developed modeling, experimentation, and control design methods could be applied to a broad range of wave energy converter designs. Testing was conducted to identify a dynamic model for the impedance and excitation behavior of the device. Using these models, a series of closed loop tests were conducted using a causal impedance matching controller. This report provides a brief description of the results, as well as a summary of the device and experimental design. The results show that the methods applied to this experimental device perform well and should be broadly applicable. The data collected during testing is compressed into FOSWEC.zip. Please refer to Appendix C (pages 61-63) of the test report for descriptions of each test ID corresponding to the compressed files.

Boundaries of all IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control) Facilities within Ireland that are, have been or are going to be licensed by the EPA. In terms of usage of this dataset please note that there is a period of time between when a facility is licensed and when it appears in this dataset.

The application of carbon dioxide or other gases to extract crude oil from depleted reservoirs has been shown to be a technically successful process. However, optimized recoveries are often compromised by poor sweep efficiencies because of low gas viscosities and densities. A new process was investigated that potentially could improve sweep efficiencies by enhancing extractability properties of the injected gas with entrainers. Use of a capillary viscometer to evaluate enhanced viscosities appeared to be the best procedure for evaluating candidate compounds. A mathematical treatment was proposed based on predicting entrainer solubilities and minimum miscibility pressure alterations for carbon dioxide. However, use of many assumptions and approximations limited the effectiveness of this approach to qualitative evaluations. Some 87 compounds were evaluated using this mathematical treatment, and certain monoaromatic compounds were identified for further laboratory testing. 33 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.

This is a points dataset of Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) sites. The EPA has been licensing certain activities since 1994. IPC licensing is governed by the Environmental Protection Agency Act 1992 as amended. Detailed procedures concerning the IPC licensing process are set out in the EPA Act 1992 as amended, and the associated licensing regulations.

The shapefile displays those basins within which development projects qualify for using the existing land cover condition as the stormwater flow control default target. This is a lower flow control default target than the target used for most of western Washington, which is based upon use of the historic land cover condition.

The shapefile displays those basins within which development projects potentially qualify for using the existing land cover condition as the stormwater flow control default target. This is a lower flow control default target than the target used for most of western Washington, which is based upon use of the historic land cover condition.

This is a points dataset of the location of IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention Control) facilities that are currently licensed by the EPA.

This report outlines the "MASK3" wave tank test within the Advanced WEC Dynamics and Controls (AWDC) project. This test represents the final test in the AWDC project. The focus of the MASK3 test was to consider coordinated 3-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) control of a WEC in a realistic ocean environment. A key aspect of this test was the inclusion of a "self-tuning" mechanism which uses an optimization algorithm to update controller gains based on a changing sea state. The successful implementation of the self-tuning mechanism is the last crucial step required for such a controller to be implemented in real ocean environments.

Mobility Control in Oil Recovery by Chemical Flooding State-of-the-Art Review, January 1987

This submission includes two peer-reviewed papers from researchers at North Carolina State University presenting the modeling and lab-scale experimentation of the dynamics and control of a tethered tidal ocean kite. Below are the abstracts of each file included in the submission. Alvarez ECC: Flight and Tether Dynamics This paper models the dynamics of a marine tethered energy harvesting system focusing on exploring the sensitivity of the kite dynamics to tether parameters. These systems repetitively reels a kite out at high tension, then reels it in at low tension, in order to harvest energy. The kite?s high lift-to-drag ratio makes it possible to maximize net energy output through periodic cross-current flight. Significant modeling efforts exist in the literature supporting such energy maximization. The goal of this paper is to address the need for a simple model capturing the interplay between the system?s kite and tether dynamics. The authors pursue this goal by coupling a partial differential equation (PDE) model of tether dynamics with a point mass model of translational kite motion. Siddiqui JDSMC: Lab-scale closed-loop model and validation This paper presents a study wherein we experimentally characterize the dynamics and control system of a lab-scale ocean kite, and then refine, validate, and extrapolate this model for use in a full-scale system. Ocean kite systems, which harvest tidal and ocean current resources through high-efficiency cross-current motion, enable energy extraction with an order of magnitude less material (and cost) than stationary systems with the same rated power output. However, an ocean kite represents a nascent technology that is characterized by relatively complex dynamics and requires sophisticated control algorithms. In order to characterize the dynamics and control of ocean kite systems rapidly, at a relatively low cost, the authors have developed a lab-scale, closed-loop prototyping environment for characterizing tethered systems, whereby 3D printed systems are tethered and flown in a water channel environment.

This repository contains online actuator and sensor data and associated meta-data collected during the NAWI-funded seedling project with title: Foundational Control Methods for Water Treatment Systems. For detailed information on each dataset, please check the README included there.

Polymers for Mobility Control in Enhanced Oil Recovery, Third Annual Report, October 1987-September 1988

Updated Risk Registers for major subsystems of the StingRAY WEC completed according to the methodology described in compliance with the DOE Risk Management Framework developed by NREL.

The over-arching project objective is to fully develop and validate optimal controls frameworks that can subsequently be applied widely to different WEC devices and concepts. Optimal controls of WEC devices represent a fundamental building block for WEC designers that must be considered as an integral part of every stage of device development. Using a building-blocks approach to optimal controls development, this effort will result in the full development of a feed-forward and feed-back control approach and a wave prediction system. Phase I focused primarily on numerical offline optimization and validation using wave tank testing of three industry partners? WEC devices, including CalWave, Ocean Energy, and Resolute Marine Energy. These industry partnerships allowed us to identify optimal control strategies for these different WEC topologies at different maturity levels. Phase II focused on demonstrating an integrated control system on a custom-built prototype for at-sea testing. A secondary focus during phase II is to adapt our systems identification, controls and wave-prediction frameworks to become more robust and comprehensive in respect to capability, robustness, and reliability. RE Vision Consulting leads this project and has compiled the final public domain report included in this submission.