__Dieser Datensatz hat noch keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit und dient zu momentan zu Tests von Funktionalitäten. Für den Download verwenden Sie bitte https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11756/de7539e1 .__ Zurzeit erleben wir einen Anstieg der globalen Mitteltemperatur, wobei die Temperaturänderung regional sehr starke Unterschiede aufweist. Die Forschergemeinschaft geht davon aus, dass ein Teil dieses globalen Temperaturanstiegs auf die Aktivität des Menschen zurückzuführen ist, vor allem durch den Ausstoß von Treibhausgasen wie Kohlendioxid oder Methan, aber auch durch beträchtliche Landnutzungsänderungen innerhalb der letzten Jahrhunderte (IPCC AR5 2013). In Bezug auf die Größe des Anteils gehen die Meinungen allerdings auseinander. Dennoch ist damit zu rechnen, dass die Temperaturen im Laufe des 21. Jahrhunderts weiter ansteigen werden. Für unsere Gesellschaft ist es daher wichtig abzuschätzen, welche Veränderungen im Klimasystem sich durch die Einflussnahme des Menschen in den nächsten Jahren bis Jahrzehnten abzeichnen könnten.

Screening, evaluation and optimization of the steam flooding process in homogeneous reservoirs can be performed by using simple analytical predictive models. In the absence of any analytical model for layered reservoirs, at present, only numerical simulators can be used. And these are expensive. In this study, an analytical model has been developed considering two isolated layers of differing permeabilities. The principle of equal flow potential is applied across the two layers. Gajdicas (1990) single layer linear steam drive model is extended for the layered system. The formulation accounts for variation of heat loss area in the higher permeability layer, and the development of a hot liquid zone in the lower permeability layer. These calculations also account for effects of viscosity, density, fractional flow curves and pressure drops in the hot liquid zone. Steam injection rate variations in the layers are represented by time weighted average rates. For steam zone calculations, Yortsos and Gavalas (1981) upper bound method is used with a correction factor. The results of the model are compared with a numerical simulator. Comparable oil and water flow rates, and breakthrough times were achieved for 100 cp oil. Results with 10 cp and 1000 cp oils indicate the need more »to improve the formulation to properly handle differing oil viscosities.

This is benchmark model for wastewater treatment using an activated sludge process. The activated sludge process is a means of treating both municipal and industrial wastewater. The activated sludge process is a multi-chamber reactor unit that uses highly concentrated microorganisms to degrade organics and remove nutrients from wastewater, producing quality effluent. This model provides pollutant concentrations, mass balance, electricity requirements, and treatment costs. This model will be continuously updated based on the latest data.

2008-2009 bottom currents, turbidity, wind and waves in Lake Erie. The dataset is used for calculating bottom shear stress and evaluating bottom shear stress parameterization methods. Bottom shear stress is the driving force of sediment entrainment. Understanding bottom shear stress and being able to model it allows for better understanding of erosion and deposition in Lake Erie.

A new process-based cotton model, CPM, has been developed to simulate the growth and development of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) throughout the growing season with minimal data input. CPM predicts final cotton yield for any combination of soil, weather, cultivar and sequence of management actions. Over the last 30 years, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) has conducted a wide range of research on cotton, including work to develop a series of "production models" designed to serve as decision aids to cotton producers. In 1996, ARS decided to develop a new "second generation" Cotton Production Model (CPM) that would retain the best features of the earlier versions in a new, more versatile, and more user friendly framework. The development process was completed to the stage of beta-testing, when the need to redirect limited resources to other priorities caused ARS to decide not to complete the validation process. ARS believes that CPM, while only partially validated, has the potential to make useful contributions to American cotton producers when completed. For these reasons, ARS decided to make the model available for further development and commercialization. The Cotton Production Model (CPM) was developed with a modular structure using an object-oriented programming language, C++. The model draws upon the latest scientific knowledge available, and is intended to be used with a wide variety of cotton types across the entire US Cotton Belt. CPM is written in C++ using a new modular structure that allows flexibility and adaptability. This object-oriented structure should allow modules to be incorporated into process-based models of other crop species (see Acock, B. and V. R. Reddy. 1977. Designing an object-oriented structure for crop models. Ecological Modeling 94: 33-44). In addition to being modular and generic, CPM has other advantages over earlier models. Compared to previous cotton models, CPM is more robust, more user-friendly, more easily maintained, and more easily updated with future advances in science. The algorithms that simulate crop growth are derived in part from the best of each of the previous models, and they incorporate new physiological information as well. A new feature of CPM is that it incorporates 2DSOIL, an excellent up-to-date soil and root process model (see Timlin, D. J., Y. Pachepsky, and B. Acock. 1996. A design for a modular, generic soil simulator to interface with plant models. Agronomy Journal 88:162-169 ). 2DSOIL tracks water movement through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum with hourly time-steps. It also incorporates a new model of plant water relations that responds realistically to water stress. CPM has updated treatments of carbon and nitrogen stresses compared to previous models, and it is designed for easy addition of responses to phosphorus and potassium. Because the growth of each leaf, inter-node and fruit is simulated separately, CPM should be easily linked to pest or disease models. CPM has the potential to be useful as a decision aid for cotton farmers and crop production consultants. If fully developed, it would be a valuable tool to optimize management inputs such as irrigation, fertilization, plant growth regulators, and defoliant application prior to harvest. In its current version, however, CPM has not yet been fully validated to be useful as a decision aid. The released version of CPM should be considered an advanced model suitable for research purposes. ARS does not endorse its use for any other purpose at this time. Of particular importance to a decision aid model is the user interface. The interface under which CPM has been developed and tested is one that was earlier developed for the soybean model, GLYCIM, and has been documented elsewhere (Acock, B., Pachepsky, Y. A., Mironenko, E. V., Whisler, F. D., and Reddy, V. R. 1999. GUICS: A Generic User Interface for On-Farm Crop Simulations. Agronomy Journal. 91:657-665). CPM is part of the current release of GUICS.

These 10 Ecoregions were created to support mapping and analysis for the Chehalis Basin Strategy Aquatic Species Restoration Plan (ASRP; original document can be found at https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/SummaryPages/1906009.html).For the ASRP, the entire Chehalis Basin was divided into Geospatial Units (GSUs). These GSUs are relatively small areas primarily defined by being a watershed to either a first-order stream or a stream- or river segment. They are used to define inputs to the Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment model (EDT), which is a spatially-aware model primarily used to estimate the impact of interventions on highly mobile aquatic species, such as salmon.The Ecoregions in this dataset were created by combining the smaller GSUs into larger units with similar ecological, geological, and in particular hydrological characteristics. Drainage basins for large and medium river systems, like the Wynoochee, Satsop, Skookumchuck, etc. were preserved intact within single ecoregions. Smaller drainage basins, like the Johns and Humptulips rivers, were combined with other basins to make up larger Ecoregions.Primarily, the Ecoregions were derived to support the EDT salmon model, and the development of restoration scenarios (see 4.2.2.1 of the ASRP Phase 1 document). Questions asked at the Ecoregion level included species distribution, the relative value of different restoration measures, and priority actions for each Ecoregion.The Ecoregions were created by ICF International Inc. in January 2017. See the Chehalis Basin Strategy ASRP Phase 1 document (https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/SummaryPages/1906009.html) for more detail on the derivation of these ecoregions and their use in supporting the ASRP.

Submitted data include simulations related to underground thermal battery (UTB) simulations described in Modeling and efficiency study of large scale underground thermal battery deployment, presented at GRC, October 2021. The UTB is comprised of a tank of water, a helical heat exchanger in the center of tank and connected to a water source heat pump, and a phase change material (PCM). Compared to a conventional VBGHE, the UTB is designed to be installed at a much shallower depth, therefore, with a cheaper cost. In addition, the GSHP efficiency is improved due to natural convection of water and additional load capacity provided by PCM. The goal of this study is to explore factors that may affect the efficiency of large-scale UTB deployment. The simulations found in this submission relate to the report on UTB deployment.

The Ocean Renewable Power Company's (ORPC's) goal is to design, develop, and test hydrofoils with large deflections. The effects of the deflections on cross-flow turbine performance would be evaluated in order to inform design considerations for full-scale water turbines and other marine hydrokinetic devices. Finite element models - NASTRAN files Model scale turbines tested in UNH tow tank Model loads from CFD models

The Ocean Renewable Power Company's (ORPC's) goal is to design, develop, and test hydrofoils with large deflections. The effects of the deflections on cross-flow turbine performance would be evaluated in order to inform design considerations for full-scale water turbines and other marine hydrokinetic devices. OpenFOAM V1912 files for straight foil model scale turbines in the University of New Hampshire tow tank. Strut Locations = (0.13, 0.225, 0.450, 0.675, 0.900) [m] Tip speed ratio = 2.40

The Ocean Renewable Power Company's (ORPC's) goal is to design, develop, and test hydrofoils with large deflections. The effects of the deflections on cross-flow turbine performance would be evaluated in order to inform design considerations for full-scale water turbines and other marine hydrokinetic devices. CFD models of helical model scale turbines tested at UNH OpenFOAM v1912 Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) = 3.00 Different strut configurations

The Ocean Renewable Power Company's (ORPC's) goal is to design, develop, and test hydrofoils with large deflections. The effects of the deflections on cross-flow turbine performance would be evaluated in order to inform design considerations for full-scale water turbines and other marine hydrokinetic devices. FEA models - NASTRAN Helical foil turbines tested at UNH tow tank Glass and carbon composite material properties Loads derived from CFD models

The data herein contains all data collected and used for the Performance Characterization Testing and Model Calibration of a Vertical Axis Hydrokinetic Turbine. The data includes performance data and durability data for the Hydrokinetic Turbine. The device performance data contains shaft RPM, turbine RPM, power output, flow velocity, pressure, and pressure drop across the turbine. The mechanical durability data includes stress and strain at varied depths and velocities. There is also an FEA analysis included. This TEAMER project was awarded to Emrgy, Inc.in collaboration with Alden Research Laboratory LLC.

An ArcGIS Online Story Map that reviews the geothermal potential exploration and modeling of Newberry Volcano. The Story Map focuses on the subsurface model built by an NETL team for the DOE 4D EGS Geothermal Monitoring project.

In addition to the foam data that were obtained from literature and that were collected from the current study, simulation data was also generated from finite element analysis (FEA) conducted in this study using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The FEA models were built to simulate the experiments conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) on cement and granite samples. In these FEA models, temperature was kept at ambient while the pressure profile resembled the loading conditions during the ORNL experiments, where pressure was either monotonically increased or applied cyclically. The cement material was used as a model material and was used to study Von Mises stress and tensile stress distribution for different bore hole length geometry using a parametric sweep with water as fracturing fluid using solid-fluid interaction module. For the granite material, FEA models were developed for stress analysis of cylindrical samples with water or foam fluids. The solid mechanics module in COMSOL was implemented to solve for Von Mises stress and tensile stress. The fluid-structure interaction module was implemented to solve for water-foam interaction on granite cylinder with addition of fluid-loading on structure, i.e., large deformation in solid mechanics with no impact on fluid deformation. Foam was considered as a pseudo single-phase compressible fluid for which material properties were calculated from water and gas (nitrogen) phases. The density of foam is calculated as a function of the densities of water and nitrogen, while viscosity is a function of temperature. Four types of FEA analyses were modelled: 1. Monotonic injection with water 2. Monotonic injection with foam 3. Cyclic injection with water 4. Cyclic injection with foam All the COMSOL files are converted to a zip file which is save in .mph.

Further Development of a Fracture Model for Lenticular Gas Sands, Final Report; April 1985

This is a comprehensive collection of all original surface and subsurface technical data, as well as various derivative subsurface models, collected from the FutureGen 2.0 project. This collection of data has been vetted for confidential or sensitive documents.

This library contains g-functions (thermal response functions) for standard, regularly spaced vertical borehole ground heat exchangers. In total, it contains 34, 321 configurations. To permit interpolation, each configuration has g-functions for heights of 24, 48, 96, 192, and 384 m. All the g-functions were calculated with burial depths of 2m, and borehole diameters of 15 to 17.5 cm, depending on height. In configurations with uniform spacing, the spacing between the boreholes is set to 5m, though it can be scaled to other horizontal spacings.

Geothermal exploration and production are challenging, expensive and risky. The GeoThermalCloud uses Machine Learning to predict the location of hidden geothermal resources. This submission includes a training dataset for the GeoThermalCloud neural network. Machine Learning for Discovery, Exploration, and Development of Hidden Geothermal Resources.

This package includes the final technical report for the Play-Fairway project in Washington State. It includes all activities and reporting from phases 1, 2, and 3. The primary goal of this study is to develop a suite of tools and methods that help identify a ?fairway? where the three main aspects of a functioning geothermal system are most likely to be found and particularly focuses on developing these tools for use in an actively deforming magmatic arc where heat is associated with volcanic centers and permeability is provided by a network of suitably stressed active faults.

High-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) lost circulation material (LCM) rheology test results, LCM particle size distributions (PSD) analysis, and HPHT LCM fluid loss test results. Three academic papers / reports derived from this research are also presented.

Kimberlina 1.2 Velocity model and synthetic seismic data, produced in collaboration of teams at the National Energy Technology Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through the National Risk Assessment Partnership. Data is associated with the following publication: Zheng Zhou, Youzuo Lin, Zhongping Zhang, Yue Wu, Zan Wang, Robert Dilmore, and George Guthrie, "A Data-Driven CO2 Leakage Detection Using Seismic Data and Spatial-Temporal Densely Connected Convolutional Neural Networks," International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol 90, 2019. The Kimberlina 1.2 Velocity models were produced by Zan Wang, Robert Dilmore, William Harbert, and Lianjie Huang at NETL. The following citations are directly related to the creation of the velocity models: Wang, Z. Harbert, W., Dilmore, R., Huang, L. Modeling of time-lapse seismic monitoring using CO2 leakage simulations for a model CO2 storage site with realistic geology: Application in assessment of early leak-detection capabilities. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. V. 76, September 2018, Pages 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2018.06.011 Wang, Z., Dilmore, R., Harbert, W. Inferring CO2 saturation from synthetic surface seismic and downhole monitoring data using machine learning for leakage detection at CO2 sequestration sites. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, V. 100, September 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103115 The velocity models were built based on the Kimberlina 1.2 aquifer impact data which is associated with the following publications: Buscheck, T.A., Mansoor, K., Yang, X., Wainwright, H., and Carroll, S. (2019). Downhole pressure and chemical monitoring for CO2 and brine leak detection in aquifers above a CO2 storage reservoir. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. 91. 102812. 10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.102812. Xianjin Yang, Thomas A. Buscheck, Kayyum Mansoor, Zan Wang, Kai Gao, Lianjie Huang, Delphine Appriou, Susan A. Carroll, Assessment of geophysical monitoring methods for detection of brine and CO2 leakage in drinking water aquifers, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Volume 90, 2019, 102803, ISSN 1750-5836, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.102803 The synthetic seismic data was produced by Youzuo Lin and team at LANL, and are associated with the following citations: Jordan, P. D., and J. L. Wagoner. Characterizing Construction of Existing Wells to a CO2 Storage Target: The Kimberlina Site, California. Zheng Zhou, Youzuo Lin, Zhongping Zhang, Yue Wu, Zan Wang, Robert Dilmore, and George Guthrie, "A Data-Driven CO2 Leakage Detection Using Seismic Data and Spatial-Temporal Densely Connected Convolutional Neural Networks," International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol 90, 2019.

This submission has wave resource assessments which were conducted for six locations based on IEC requirements using the DOE WPTO Hindcast data and MHKiT. The locations are chosen to provide varying wave climates and include PacWave South, OR; Wave Energy Testing Site (WETS), HI; Molokai, HI; St. Paul, AK; Yakutat, Ak; and Sebastion, FL. It includes the data gathered and the resulting report. This submission also includes a link to Hindcast dataset and some relevant software.

This research report documents the Fortran program N3DADE (Nonequilibrium 3-Dimensional Advection-Dispersion Equation) which may be used to evaluate analytical solutions described by Leij et al. [1993]. The analytical solutions pertain to selected cases of three-dimensional solute transport during steady unidirectional water flow in porous media of semi-infinite length in the longitudinal direction, and of infinite length in the transverse directions. The solutions may also be applied to one- and two-dimensional problems. Transport and flow properties of the medium are assumed to be macroscopically uniform. Nonequilibrium solute transfer can occur between two domains in either the liquid or the adsorbed phase. The transport equation contains terms for solute movement by advection and dispersion, and for solute retardation, first-order decay, and zero-order production. Solute concentrations are calculated as a function of time and space in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. This report serves as both a user manual for the program and as documentation of the general analytical solutions of the boundary, initial and production value problems involved. A comprehensive set of specific solutions is presented using Dirac, Heaviside and exponential functions to describe the initial, boundary and production profiles. A rectangular or circular inflow area is specified for the boundary value problem, while for the initial and production value problems the respective initial and production profiles are defined for parallelepipedal, cylindrical, or spherical regions of the soil. Solutions are given for volume-averaged or resident concentrations, as well as for flux-averaged or flowing concentrations. The user manual gives a detailed description of the computer program, including the subroutines used to evaluate the analytical solutions for optimizing model parameters. Input and output files for all major problems are also included. The manual provides: A list of main program variables The format of the input file Listings of sample input and output files The source code N3DADE.FOR

This submission includes all magnetotelluric (MT) transfer functions acquired during the 2014 EGS stimulation at Newberry Volcano in central Oregon as well as previously acquired MT data for the overall volcano. Plots of all data are provided (including forward response from a model used in a publication now in review in G-cubed). Also included is a kmz file giving all station locations.

Numerical Model of Massive Hydraulic Fracture. Final report; March 1985

The USEPA participated in the 2015 Cooperative Science and Monitoring Initiative (CSMI) focus year for Lake Michigan. This work is describd here: http://www.iiseagrant.org/pdf/LakeMichiganCSMI2015FullReport.pdf As a small sub-component of this work EPA staff collected water quality data at the locations listed in grand_musk_tp.csv. The fields in grand_musk_tp.csv are described in grand_musk_tp.metadata.csv. This data was collected to support (provide validation data for) EPA nearshore nutrient modeling work described in the paper (in prep.) “Nearshore Nutrient Circulation in the Great Lakes - can a simple model provide transparency and utility?”.

Final report on a TEAMER study undertaken by Alden Research Laboratory for the Mono-radial turbine invented by John Clark Hanna DBA: Hanna Wave Energy Primary Drives. The study is a predictive numerical and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) report of the mentioned Hanna Mono-Radial Turbine. The device is an impulse-type mono-radial air turbine PTO for wave energy conversion. The turbine is self-rectified, meaning that it spins in one direction only while capturing the bi-directional air flows developed within an OWC (Oscillating Water Column) system.

Git archive containing Python modules and resources used to generate machine-learning models used in the "Applications of Machine Learning Techniques to Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis in the Great Basin Region, Nevada" project. This software is licensed as free to use, modify, and distribute with attribution. Full license details are included within the archive. See "documentation.zip" for setup instructions and file trees annotated with module descriptions.

DOE/BC/14893-10

RETC is a computer program which may be used to analyze the soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions of unsaturated soils. These hydraulic properties are key parameters in any quantitative description of water flow into and through the unsaturated zone of soils. The program uses the parametric models of Brooks-Corey and van Genuchten to represent the soil water retention curve, and the theoretical pore-size distribution models of Mualem and Burdine to predict the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function from observed soil water retention data. The program comes with a manual which gives a detailed discussion of the different analytical expressions used for quantifying the soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions. A brief review is also given of the nonlinear least-squares parameter optimization method used for estimating the unknown coefficients in the hydraulic models. The RETC program may be used to predict the hydraulic conductivity from observed soil water retention data assuming that one observed conductivity value (not necessarily at saturation) is available. The program also permits one to fit analytical functions simultaneously to observed water retention and hydraulic conductivity data. Several examples are presented to illustrate a variety of program options. The program comes with a user manual giving detailed information about the computer program along with instructions for data input preparation and listings of sample input and output files. A listing of the source code is also provided.

Mathematical models have become increasingly popular in both research and management problems involving flow and transport processes in the subsurface. The unsaturated hydraulic functions are key input data in numerical models of vadose zone processes. These functions may be either measured directly or estimated indirectly through prediction from more easily measured data based using quasi-empirical models. Rosetta V1.0 is a Windows 95/98 program to estimate unsaturated hydraulic properties from surrogate soil data such as soil texture data and bulk density. Models of this type are called pedotransfer functions (PTFs) since they translate basic soil data into hydraulic properties. Rosetta can be used to estimate the following properties: Water retention parameters according to van Genuchten (1980) Saturated hydraulic conductivity Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity parameters according to van Genuchten (1980) and Mualem (1976) Detailed description of the hydraulic functions Rosetta offers five PTFs that allow prediction of the hydraulic properties with limited or more extended sets of input data. This hierarchical approach is of a great practical value because it permits optimal use of available input data. The models use the following hierarchical sequence of input data Soil textural class Sand, silt and clay percentages Sand, silt and clay percentages and bulk density Sand, silt and clay percentages, bulk density and a water retention point at 330 cm (33 kPa). Sand, silt and clay percentages, bulk density and water retention points at 330 and 15000 cm (33 and 1500 kPa) The first model is based on a lookup table that provides class average hydraulic parameters for each USDA soil textural class. The other four models are based on neural network analyses and provide more accurate predictions when more input variables are used. In addition to the hierarchical approach, we also offer a model that allows prediction of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity parameters from fitted van Genuchten (1980) retention parameters (Schaap and Leij, 1999). This model is also used in the hierarchical approach such that it automatically uses the predicted retention parameters as input, instead of measured (fitted) retention parameters. All estimated hydraulic parameters are accompanied by uncertainty estimates that permit an assessment of the reliability of Rosetta's predictions. These uncertainty estimates were generated by combining the neural networks with the bootstrap method (see Schaap and Leij (1998) and Schaap et al. (1999) for more information).

This is the modeling data (input/output files of TOUGHREACT 4.10) used to simulate the reactive transport processes of the Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) operations at Stockton University, NJ. Readme.txt lists all the files. TOUGHREACT 4.10 requires to reproduce the modeling output. The modeling data in this submission is related to the Aquifer Injection for Energy Storage purposes outlined in "Reactive Transport Modeling of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System at Stockton, NJ During Seasonal Operations".

Contains the Reference Model 1 (RM1) full scale geometry files of the Tidal Current Turbine, developed by the Reference Model Project (RMP). These full scale geometry files are saved as SolidWorks assembly, X_T, IGS, and STEP files, and require a CAD program to view. This data was generated upon completion of the project on September 30, 2014. The Reference Model Project (RMP), sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), was a partnered effort to develop open-source MHK point designs as reference models (RMs) to benchmark MHK technology performance and costs, and an open-source methodology for design and analysis of MHK technologies, including models for estimating their capital costs, operational costs, and levelized costs of energy. The point designs also served as open-source test articles for university researchers and commercial technology developers. The RMP project team, led by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), included a partnership between DOE, three national laboratories, including the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the Applied Research Laboratory of Penn State University, and Re Vision Consulting. Reference Model 1 (RM1) is a dual variable-speed variable-pitch (VSVP) axial-flow tidal turbine device, designed for the Tacoma Narrows tidal current energy resource site in Puget Sound, Washington. RM1 comprises a monopile foundation and a crossarm assembly to mount the two rotors. The cross-arm assembly is nearly neutrally buoyant so the attached rotors can be recovered and redeployed with a minimal amount of lifting crane capacity; therefore, the design minimizes the handling requirements during deployment and recovery, which reduces overall cost in all O&M activities including access to the power conversion chain (PCC).

Contains the Reference Model 4 (RM4) full scale geometry files of the Ocean Current Turbine, developed by the Reference Model Project (RMP). These full scale geometry files are saved as SolidWorks assembly, IGS, X_T, and STEP files, and require a CAD program to view. This data was generated upon completion of the project on September 30, 2014. The Reference Model Project (RMP), sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), was a partnered effort to develop open-source MHK point designs as reference models (RMs) to benchmark MHK technology performance and costs, and an open-source methodology for design and analysis of MHK technologies, including models for estimating their capital costs, operational costs, and levelized costs of energy. The point designs also served as open-source test articles for university researchers and commercial technology developers. The RMP project team, led by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), included a partnership between DOE, three national laboratories, including the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the Applied Research Laboratory of Penn State University, and Re Vision Consulting. Reference Model 4 (RM4) is a "flying-wing" ocean current turbine concept intended for deployment in the Gulf Stream off the southeast coast of Florida. The RM4 device has four rotors, with a rotorless center nacelle housing the power electronics, attached on a straight wing 120 m long. The device is designed to be submerged ~50 m below the surface and is moored to the seabed. The RM4 uses buoyancy within the wing and the five nacelles to maintain its position in the water column. Each rotor has a diameter of 33 m and has a 1-MW power rating, yielding a total device rated power of 4 MW. The rotors on the left and right side of the wing rotate in opposite directions in order to balance the torque applied to the device. The rotorless center nacelle housing the power electronics serves to condition the power generated by the rotors before it is delivered to the grid.

Contains the Reference Model 5 (RM5) full scale geometry files of the Oscillating Surge Flap, developed by the Reference Model Project (RMP). These full scale geometry files are saved as SolidWorks assembly, IGS, and STEP files, and require a CAD program to view. This data was generated upon completion of the project on September 30, 2014. The Reference Model Project (RMP), sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), was a partnered effort to develop open-source MHK point designs as reference models (RMs) to benchmark MHK technology performance and costs, and an open-source methodology for design and analysis of MHK technologies, including models for estimating their capital costs, operational costs, and levelized costs of energy. The point designs also served as open-source test articles for university researchers and commercial technology developers. The RMP project team, led by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), included a partnership between DOE, three national laboratories, including the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the Applied Research Laboratory of Penn State University, and Re Vision Consulting. Reference Model 5 (RM5) is a type of floating, oscillating surge wave energy converter (OSWEC) that utilizes the surge motion of waves to generate electrical power. The reference wave energy resource for RM5 was measurement data from a National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoy near Eureka, in Humboldt County, California. The flap was designed to rotate against the supporting frame to convert wave energy into electrical power from the relative rotational motion induced by incoming waves. The RM5 design is rated at 360 kilowatts (kW), uses a flap of 25 m in width and 19 m in height (16 m in draft), and the distance from the top of the water surface piercing flap to the mean water surface (freeboard) is 1.5 m. The flap is connected to a shaft with a 3-m diameter that rotates against the supporting frame. The supporting frame is assumed to have an outer diameter of 2 m, and the total length of the device structure is 45 m. The RM5 OSWEC was designed for deep-water deployment, at depths between 50 m and 100 m, and was tension-moored to the seabed.

READ is EPA's authoritative source for information about Agency information resources, including applications/systems, datasets and models. READ is one component of the System of Registries (SoR).

SIMPA (Spatially Integrated Multivariate Probabilistic Assessment) is a Python-based fuzzy logic tool designed to help assess the likelihood of fluid and/or gas migration pathways throughout the subsurface. The SIMPA tool helps users develop and apply fuzzy logic to various datasets to construct knowledge-based inferential rules that reduce uncertainty and results in a visual representation depicting the likelihood of potential fluid and/or gas migration pathways. SIMPA results can offers an understanding of the magnitude and extent of natural and anthropogenic subsurface pathways, offering insight to subsurface hazards to improve storage assessments and critical information for improving industry decisions related to the use of various CCS methods and technologies. In addition, SIMPA can offer new insights for areas with little to no data to help inform site selection and production, evaluate potential risks and hazards, and support various decision making and risk management needs.

DOE/BC-86/4/sp

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a public domain model jointly developed by USDA Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, part of The Texas A&M University System. SWAT is a small watershed to river basin-scale model to simulate the quality and quantity of surface and ground water and predict the environmental impact of land use, land management practices, and climate change. SWAT is widely used in assessing soil erosion prevention and control, non-point source pollution control and regional management in watersheds.

SWMS_2D is a computer program for simulating water and solute movement in two-dimensional variably saturated media. The program numerically solves the Richards' equation for saturated-unsaturated water flow and the convection-dispersion equation for solute transport. The flow equation incorporates a sink term to account for water uptake by plant roots. The transport equation includes provisions for linear equilibrium adsorption, zero-order production, and first-order degradation. The program may be used to analyze water and solute movement in unsaturated, partially saturated, or fully saturated porous media. SWMS_2D can handle flow regions delineated by irregular boundaries. The flow region itself may be composed of nonuniform soils having an arbitrary degree of local anisotropy. Flow and transport can occur in the vertical plane, the horizontal plane, or in a three-dimensional region exhibiting radial symmetry about the vertical axis. The water flow part of the model can deal with prescribed head and flux boundaries, as well as boundaries controlled by atmospheric conditions. New features of the present version 1.21 include the implementation of free drainage boundary conditions, and a simplified representation of nodal drains using results of electric analog experiments. The governing flow and transport equations are solved numerically using Galerkin-type linear finite element schemes. Depending upon the size of the problem, the matrix equations resulting from discretization of the governing equation are solved using either Gaussian elimination for banded matrices, or a conjugate gradient method for symmetric matrices and the ORTHOMIN method for asymmetric matrices. The program is written in ANSI standard FORTRAN 77. Computer memory is a function of the problem definition. This report serves as both a user manual and reference document. The program comes with a manual containing instructions for data input preparation. Example input and selected output files are also provided as is a listing of the source code.

SWMS_3D is a computer program for simulating water and solute movement in three-dimensional variably saturated media. The program numerically solves the Richards' equation for saturated-unsaturated water flow and the convection-dispersion equation for solute transport. The flow equation incorporates a sink term to account for water uptake by plant roots. The transport equation includes provisions for linear equilibrium adsorption, zero-order production, and first-order degradation. The program may be used to analyze water and solute movement in unsaturated, partially saturated, or fully saturated porous media. SWMS_3D can handle flow regions delineated by irregular boundaries. The flow region itself may be composed of nonuniform soils having an arbitrary degree of local anisotropy. The water flow part of the model can deal with prescribed head and flux boundaries, as well as boundaries controlled by atmospheric conditions. The governing flow and transport equations are solved numerically using Galerkin-type linear finite element schemes. Depending upon the size of the problem, the matrix equations resulting from discretization of the governing equations are solved using either Gaussian elimination for banded matrices, or a conjugate gradient method for symmetric matrices and the ORTHOMIN method for asymmetric matrices. The program is written in ANSI standard FORTRAN 77. Computer memory is a function of the problem definition, mainly the total number of nodes and elements. The program comes with a user manual giving detailed instructions for data input preparation. Example input and selected output files are also provided.

The Soil and Water Hub is jointly developed by USDA Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, part of The Texas A&M University System. Modeling dataset resources are available for download for use with software tools Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender Model (APEX), Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), ArcSWAT, and related Conservation practices.

Rheology data obtained from flow loop tests, performed using different lost circulation materials (LCM) to study their effect on fluid rheology and wellbore hydraulics. The sealing performance of different LCM was tested using different fracture sizes. Five academic papers / reports derived from this research are also presented.

UNSATCHEM is a software package for simulating water, heat, carbon dioxide and solute movement in one-dimensional variably saturated media. The software consists of the UNSCHEM (version 2.0) computer program, and the UNSATCH interactive graphics-based user interface. The UNSCHEM program numerically solves the Richards' equation for variably-saturated water flow and convection-dispersion type equations for heat, carbon dioxide and solute transport. The flow equation incorporates a sink term to account for water uptake by plant roots. The heat transport equation considers transport due to conduction and convection with flowing water. Diffusion in both liquid and gas phases and convection in the liquid phase are considered as CO2 transport mechanisms. The CO2 production model is described. The major variables of the chemical system are Ca, Mg, Na, K, SO4, Cl, NO3, H4SiO4, alkalinity, and CO2. The model accounts for equilibrium chemical reactions between these components such as complexation, cation exchange and precipitation-dissolution. For the precipitation-dissolution of calcite and dissolution of dolomite, either equilibrium or multicomponent kinetic expressions are used which include both forward and back reactions. Other dissolution-precipitation reactions considered include gypsum, hydromagnesite, nesquehonite, and sepiolite. Since the ionic strength of soil solutions can vary considerably with time and space and often reach high values, both modified Debye-Huckel and Pitzer expressions were incorporated into the model as options to calculate single ion activities. The program may be used to analyze water and solute movement in unsaturated, partially saturated, or fully saturated porous media. The flow region may be composed of nonuniform soils. Flow and transport can occur in the vertical, horizontal, or a generally inclined direction. The water flow part of the model can deal with prescribed head and flux boundaries, boundaries controlled by atmospheric conditions, as well as free drainage boundary conditions. The governing flow and transport equations are solved numerically using finite differences and Galerkin-type linear finite element schemes, respectively. This report serves as both a user manual and reference document. Detailed instructions are given for data input preparation. A graphics-based user interface, UNSATCH, for data preparation and graphical output display in the MS Windows environment is described in the second part of the manual.

The U.S. landscape has undergone substantial changes since Europeans first arrived. Many land use changes are attributable to human activity. Historical data concerning these changes are frequently limited and often difficult to develop. Modeling historical land use changes may be necessary. We develop annual population series from first European settlement to 1999 for all 50 states and Washington D.C. for use in modeling land use trends. Extensive research went into developing the historical data. Linear interpolation was used to complete the series after critically evaluating the appropriateness of linear interpolation versus exponential interpolation.

This report describes the development of a preliminary 3D seismic velocity model at the Utah FORGE site and first results from estimating seismic resolution in the generated fracture volume during Stage 3 of the April 2022 stimulation. A preliminary 3D velocity model for the larger FORGE area was developed using RMS velocities of the seismic reflection survey and seismic velocity logs from borehole measurements as an input model. To improve the accuracy of the model in the shallow subsurface, travel times phase arrivals of the direct propagating P-waves were determined from the seismic reflection data, using PhaseNet, a deep-neural-network-based seismic arrival time picking method. The travel times were subsequently inverted using the input velocity model. The results showed that the input velocity model needs improvement as the resulting model appears too fast in the easter region of the FORGE area. During the next phase of this work, we will update the input velocity model and generate P-wave arrival times for additional seismic source locations, to improve the horizontal resolution in the sedimentary layer and to obtain a model that better matches the sedimentary layer and the travel time observations.

This is the Phase 3 native state model update. The Phase 3 numerical model represents a significant subsurface volume below the FORGE site footprint. The model domain of 4.0 km x 4.0 km x 4.2 km is located approximately between depths of 4000 to 4200 meters below land surface. This data archive consists of 10 files, 4 of which are simulation input files and the remaining 6 are simulation output files. There is an included readme.txt file that contains details on each of the data files. The input files include meshes, FALCON code inputs, tabulated data of water properties, temperature values, and model boundaries. The output files include simulation outfiles and point data of modeled material properties.

Description: This folder contains the results for the WaterTAP3 model that was used for the eight NAWI (National Alliance for Water Innovation) baseline studies published in the Environmental Science and Technology special issue: Technology Baselines and Innovation Priorities for Water Treatment and Supply. The data structure and content are described in a README.txt file. For more details on how to use the data and interpret the results please refer to the model documentation and GitHub site linked in the submission.

WinSRFR is a hydraulic analysis tool for surface irrigation systems. The software combines simulation, evaluation, operational analysis, and design functionalities. Intended users are irrigation specialists, extension agents, researchers, consultants, students, and farmers with moderate to advanced knowledge of surface irrigation hydraulics. WinSRFR 5.1 is the fifth major release of the software. The new version offers a reprogrammed simulation engine, an application programming interface, batch simulation capabilities, and enhancements to the user interface.

Five earth models were generated in SEAM Phase I to simulate a realistic earth model of a salt canopy region of the Gulf of Mexico complete with fine-scale stratigraphy that includes oil and gas reservoirs. The model represents a 35 km EW x 40 km NS area and 15 km deep. The grid interval for the Elastic Earth model is 20 m x 20 m x 10 m (x,y,z). All model properties are derived from fundamental rock properties including v-shale (volume of shale) and porosities for sand and shale that follow typical compaction gradients below water bottom. Hence, properties have subtle contrasts at macro-layer boundaries, especially in the shallow section, generating very realistic synthetic data. The Elastic Earth Model distribution is the model used for simulation of the SEAM Phase I RPSEA elastic data set. For the simulations, the minimum S-wave velocity was set at 600 m/s by compressing all S-wave velocities in the originally designed model having velocities between 100 and 800 m/s into a range between 600 and 800 m/s. This distribution has 3 binary files, one each for the density, P-wave velocity and the S-wave velocity. A README is also included.