Downloadable data depicting the average annual runoff in the United States from 1951 to 1980; could help to understand and/or predict current and future effects and patterns.

Hydrologic data, primarily precipitation and runoff, have been collected on experimental watersheds operated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and on other lands in southeastern Arizona since the 1950s. These data are of national and international importance and make up one of the most comprehensive semiarid watershed data sets in the world. The USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center has recently developed an electronic data processing system that includes an online interface (https://tucson.ars.ag.gov/dap) to provide public access to the data. The goal of the system is to promote analyses and interpretations of historic and current data by improving data access. The publicly accessible part of the system consists of an interactive Web site, which provides an interface to the data, and a relational database, which is used to process, store, and manage data. In addition, DAP was expanded to put sediment, meteorological, soil moisture and temperature, vegetation, CO2 and water flux, geographic information system (GIS) and aircraft and satellite spectral imagery data on line and to publish metadata for all WGEW long-term measurements.

Hydrologic data, primarily precipitation and runoff, have been collected on experimental watersheds operated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and on other lands in southeastern Arizona since the 1950s. These data are of national and international importance and make up one of the most comprehensive semiarid watershed data sets in the world. The USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center has recently developed an electronic data processing system that includes an online interface (https://tucson.ars.ag.gov/dap) to provide public access to the data. The goal of the system is to promote analyses and interpretations of historic and current data by improving data access. The publicly accessible part of the system consists of an interactive Web site, which provides an interface to the data, and a relational database, which is used to process, store, and manage data. In addition, DAP was expanded to put sediment, meteorological, soil moisture and temperature, vegetation, CO2 and water flux, geographic information system (GIS) and aircraft and satellite spectral imagery data on line and to publish metadata for all WGEW long-term measurements.

This e-book is a quick primer on earth observation of water resources and has been developed jointly by the World Bank and NASA. It provides a basic introduction to hydrologic processes and the types of in-situ and earth observation monitoring approaches to gain a global perspective to help address problems in the real world such as floods, droughts, cyclones, and forecasting for agriculture and water-related disease management applications. It provides a primer for accessing useful NASA data, modeling tools, related interactive viewers and useful links in this regard, that showcase interactive maps to visualize precipitation and even groundwater data and trends and near-real time flood potential from space. This e-book provides an illustrative overview of the use of increasingly powerful free data from satellites that can be critical for monitoring and managing watersheds and aquifers around the world.

The EnviroAtlas metrics of green space and natural environment selected to compute a Community EcoHealth Index. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Cochran, F., L. Jackson, A. Neale, J. Lovette, and L. Tran. A Community EcoHealth Index from EnviroAtlas Ecosystem Services Metrics. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, SWITZERLAND, 16(15): 2760, (2019).

This archive contains estimates of runoff to the ocenas for all river outlets globally, excluding Greenland and Antarctica, based on routing through the simulated topological network at 30-minute spatial resolution (STN-30p, version 6.01; 2004–07) flow network [Vörösmarty et al. 2000; downloaded from Water Systems Analysis Group (2007)] at 1/2-degree latitude-by-longitude resolution using the Lohmann et al. (1996, 1998) routing model. The data set is a hybrid of simulated and observed streamflow for 4 model-method combinations, as described in Clark et al., J. Hydrometeor. (2015).

HydroSHEDS (Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales) provides hydrographic information in a consistent and comprehensive format for regional and global-scale applications. HydroSHEDS offers a suite of geo-referenced data sets in raster and vector format, including stream networks, watershed boundaries, drainage directions, and ancillary data layers such as flow accumulations, distances, and river topology information. Recently available data derived from HydroSHEDS include comprehensive layers of major basins and smaller sub-basins (~100-2,500 km2) across the globe. These data layers are available to support watershed analyses, hydrological modeling, and freshwater conservation planning at a quality, resolution, and extent that had previously been unachievable in many parts of the world. Data includes Void-Filled elevation, Hydrologically conditioned elevation, drainage directions, flow accumulation, river network, basin outlines, HydroBASINS License information: https://www.hydrosheds.org/page/license

Die Links in diesem Abschnitt führen zu den auf www.pangaea.de veröffentlichten Daten von Hydrologie und Meteorologie der Messstelle Vernagtbach. Die Messstelle wird von der Kommission für Erdmessung und Glaziologie der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in München betrieben.

Die Links in diesem Abschnitt führen zu den auf www.pangaea.de veröffentlichten Daten von Hydrologie und Meteorologie der Messstelle Vernagtbach. Die Messstelle wird von der Kommission für Erdmessung und Glaziologie der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in München betrieben.

Monthly US calculated soil moisture data total (mm), anomaly (mm), and percentile.

Web Soil Survey (WSS) provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world. NRCS has soil maps and data available online for more than 95 percent of the nation’s counties and anticipates having 100 percent in the near future. The site is updated and maintained online as the single authoritative source of soil survey information.

Simulated rainfall and overland-flow experiments are useful for enhancing understanding of surface hydrologic and erosion processes, quantifying runoff and erosion rates, and developing and testing predictive quantitative models. This extensive dataset (1021 experimental plots) consists of rainfall simulation (1300 plot runs, 0.5 m2 to 13 m2 scales) and overland flow (838 plot runs, ~9 m2 scale) experimental plot data coupled with associated measures of vegetation, ground cover, and surface soil properties across point to hillslope scales. The data were collected at three woodland-encroached sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) rangelands in the Great Basin, USA, under undisturbed/untreated conditions and 1 yr to 9 yr following fire and/or mechanical tree-removal treatments. The methodology employed and resulting experimental data contribute to quantifying and understanding scale-dependent surface hydrologic and erosion processes for Great Basin woodlands and sagebrush rangelands before and after tree removal and for sparsely vegetated sites elsewhere. The dataset is a valuable source for developing and testing hydrology and erosion models for applications to diverse vegetation and ground cover conditions. Lastly, the series of repeated measures in the dataset for some sites over time provides a valuable dataset for exploring long-term landscape vegetation and hydrologic and erosion responses to various land management practices and disturbances. The resulting collective dataset of 1021 experimental plots contains vegetation, ground cover, soils, hydrology, and erosion data collected across multiple spatial scales, diverse cover and surface conditions, three study sites, and five different study years. The collective dataset contains 57 plots at the hillslope scale (site characterization plots), 528 small-rainfall plots, 146 large-rainfall plots, and 290 overland-flow plots. The hydrology and erosion experiments yielded time series datasets for small-rainfall plot, large-rainfall plot, and overland-flow plot simulations. Some time series hydrographs and sedigraphs from rainfall and overland flow simulations were excluded due to various equipment failures. The final time series datasets consist of 1020 small-rainfall, 280 large-rainfall, and 838 overland-flow plot run hydrographs and sedigraphs, not excluding plots without runoff. Restricting the data to plots that generated runoff results in 749 small-rainfall, 251 large-rainfall, and 719 overland-flow plot simulation hydrographs and sedigraphs. Overall, the hydrology and erosion time series dataset amounts to 2138 hydrographs/sedigraphs including plots with zero runoff and 1719 hydrographs/sedigraphs for plots that generated runoff. Field experiments and data management were conducted as part of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP, (www.sagestep.org) funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, US Department of Interior (USDI) Bureau of Land Management, and US National Interagency Fire Center. This dataset is contribution number 134 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project. See README file for information regarding experimental design and methods.

The Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) sediment collection program, established in 1953, provides event-based data for semiarid rangeland erosion, sediment transport, and yield research. Sediment loads carried through the channel network on the WGEW are high, but are typical of semiarid rangelands, and are influenced by soils, geologic parent material, and geomorphology. Typical monsoon thunderstorm generated flows in dryland regions are characterized by high velocities, short durations, and heavy and coarse sediment loads. Sediment is measured in conjunction with discharge measurements [Stone et al., 2008] that are integral to converting sample values to runoff event-based values. Sampling initiated in the 1960s was done with point intake pump samplers. The single point sampler intake tubes were later replaced with tubes that rise in response to flow and are perforated to collect depth integrated samples. Sampling with each of these systems is limited to suspended sediment smaller than the 0.635 cm diameter of the intake slots. Pump samplers are in use at the outlet of small watersheds where overland flow is the dominant hydrologic driver of sediment transport, and particles are small. As watershed size increases on the WGEW, in general, the channel network can dominate sediment delivery processes as it evolves to carry an increasingly coarse, and vertically sorted, sediment load. A traversing slot sediment sampler was designed in response to limitations of alternative sampling methods such as the pump sampler. The data collection network was expanded in 2002 and pit traps were added below the overfall at flumes 63.103 and 63.104. Analysis of these data, and efforts to process and make available the historic data, are ongoing.

This app is based on data from NASA’s Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS-2.1), which uses weather observations like temperature, humidity, and rainfall to run the Noah land surface model. This model estimates how much of the rain becomes runoff, how much evaporates, and how much infiltrates into the soil. These output variables, calculated every three hours, are aggregated into monthly averages, giving us a record of the hydrologic cycle going all the way back to January 2000. Soil moisture plus snowpack is the water storage at any given place. Every month that storage volume changes according to the water flux - recharge occurs when precipitation is high, depletion occurs when evapotranspiration and runoff are higher. Click anywhere on the map to see how a chosen variable has changed over time, and click anywhere on the graph to switch the map to that month of interest. The water balance panel (on the left) shows how much recharge or depletion occurred during your chosen month, and how this compares to what’s normal. The trend analyzer panel (on the right) shows how your chosen variable was different in the same month during other years. Because the model is run with 0.25 degree spatial resolution (~30 km), these data should only be used for regional analysis. A specific farm or other small area might experience very different conditions than the region around it, especially because human influences like irrigation are not included.