The Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology is a Swiss water research institute and an internationally networked institution.
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- Spot samples from river Glatt# Description Along river Glatt and river Chriesbach, spot samples were taken in an approximately weekly rhythm at five different stations from June 1972 to April 1977. In those samples physical, geochemical, anthropogenic parameters and heavy metals were measured. # Aim This project served as a pilot project for new extensive chemical examinations of flowing waters with regard to: - sample taking - sample preservation - chemical analysis - data preparation - data storage - data analysis - assessment of the water bodies Apart from this, strongly polluted water from river Glatt was analyzed. # Data Files - Glatt-Rheinsfelden - Glatt-Opfikon - Glatt-Niederglatt - Glatt-Glattfelden - Glatt-Faellanden - Glatt-Aubruecke_Hagenholz - Chriesbach-Duebendorf # Structure of the Data Files - measured data - loads - annual average of concentrations and loads - graphs of time series of concentrations and loads # Data source Chemical data are from Eawag and discharge data are from AWEL and FOEN # Publication List - Zobrist J. et al. (2011): 77 Jahre Untersuchungen an der Glatt. gwa 9, 315-327. This publication contains furthermore all important constructions works which have been accomplished at river Glatt. - Zobrist J. et al. (1976): Charakterisierung des chemischen Zustandes der Glatt. gwa 56, 97-114.1Licence not specified5 months ago
- Spot samples in Swiss rivers from 1965 to 1973# Description Spot samples were taken and analysed in a quarterly rhythm at eight different stations distributed all over Switzerland from 1965 to 1973. - Aare - Bern, Felsenau - Aare - Beznau - Broye - Payerne - Doubs - Ocourt - Inn - Martinsbruck - Rhein - Sankt Margarethen - Rhône - Aïre -Rhône - Porte du Scex # Monitoring Program In those samples, physical, geochemical and anthropogenic parameters were measured. # Origin of Data Data publication in the Hydrological Yearbook of Switzerland FOEN.1Licence not specified5 months ago
- Aggregated samples of Rhein - Schmitter 1972 /1973# Description At the hydrological monitoring station Rhein - Schmitter aggregated samples were collected and analysed in an approximately weekly rhythm in 1972 and 1973. # Aim and Monitoring Program Based on the program of International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine (IKSR) to analyse the input of nutrients from tributary waters into lake Bodensee, the hydrological monitoring station Rhein - Schmitter was equipped for continious water sampling, measuring and data recording. The samples were taken in a weekly rhythm and analysed at EAWAG on components of nitrogen and phosphor proportional to the discharge. At high water discharge (Q > 330 m3/sec) samples were collected in a lower cadence into a separate collector (samples may therefore overlap in collection time). Averages of water temperature, pH or conductivity originate from the continuous recording. The data were published in the Hydrological Yearbook of Switzerland. # Origin of Data Data publication in the Hydrological Yearbook of Switzerland FOEN.1Licence not specified5 months ago
- Data for: Socio-technical challenges towards data-driven and integrated urban water management: a socio-technical network approachThe files contain the data and the R scripts needed to replicate the analysis of three case study urban water systems as described in: Manny, L. (2022) Socio-technical challenges towards data-driven and integrated urban water management: a socio-technical network approach. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104360 Data-driven and integrated urban water management have been proposed to reduce surface water pollution in light of climate change and urbanization impacts. Besides technological innovation, data-driven and integrated management require information exchange among many actors, e.g., operators, engineers, or authorities. With the aim of achieving a more profound understanding of socio-technical infrastructures, such as urban water systems, I draw on the approach of socio-technical networks to study actors and infrastructure elements as well as multiple relations in-between. In this article, I investigate whether underlying socio-technical dependencies influence social interactions such as information exchange. More specifically related to data-driven and integrated management, I analyze potential challenges, such as organizational fragmentation, data access, and diverging perceptions. Based on empirical data from three case studies in Switzerland, I provide inferential results obtained from fitting exponential random graph models. Findings showed that actors’ relatedness to infrastructure elements affects their information exchange. Among the cases, the presence of the three challenges varied and is potentially contingent upon system size, organizational form, or progress in terms of data-driven and integrated management. Thus, incorporating a socio-technical perspective on social actors and infrastructure elements could help to improve policy design and implementation aiming to achieve more sustainable cities.1Licence not specified9 months ago
- Data for: Hydraulic Shortcuts Increase the Connectivity of Arable Land Areas to Surface WatersSurface runoff represents a major pathway for pesticide transport from agricultural areas to surface waters. The influence of man-made structures (e.g. roads, hedges, ditches) on surface runoff connectivity has been shown in various studies. In Switzerland, so-called hydraulic shortcuts (e.g. inlets and maintenance manholes of road or field storm drainage systems) have been shown to influence surface runoff connectivity and related pesticide transport. Their occurrence, and their influence on surface runoff and pesticide connectivity have however not been studied systematically. To address that deficit, we randomly selected 20 study areas (average size = 3.5 km2) throughout the Swiss plateau, representing arable cropping systems. We assessed shortcut occurrence in these study areas using three mapping methods: field mapping, drainage plans, and high-resolution aerial images. Surface runoff connectivity in the study areas was analysed using a 2x2 m digital elevation model and a multiple-flow algorithm. Parameter uncertainty affecting this analysis was addressed by a Monte Carlo simulation. With our approach, agricultural areas were divided into areas that are either directly connected to surface waters, indirectly (i.e. via hydraulic shortcuts), or not connected at all. Finally, the results of this connectivity analysis were scaled up to the national level using a regression model based on topographic descriptors and were then compared to an existing national connectivity model. Inlets of the road storm drainage system were identified as the main shortcuts. On average, we found 0.84 inlets and a total of 2.0 manholes per hectare of agricultural land. In the study catchments between 43 and 74 % of the agricultural area is connected to surface waters via hydraulic shortcuts. On the national level, this fraction is similar and lies between 47 and 60 %. Considering our empirical observations led to shifts in estimated fractions of connected areas compared to the previous connectivity model. The differences were most pronounced in flat areas of river valleys. These numbers suggest that transport through hydraulic shortcuts is an important pesticide flow path in a landscape where many engineered structures exist to drain excess water from fields and roads. However, this transport process is currently not considered in Swiss pesticide legislation and authorisation. Therefore, current regulations may fall short to address the full extent of the pesticide problem. However, independent measurements of water flow and pesticide transport to quantify the contribution of shortcuts and validating the model results are lacking. Overall, the findings highlight the relevance of better understanding the connectivity between fields and receiving waters and the underlying factors and physical structures in the landscape.1Licence not specified9 months ago
- Aerial images and DSM of 19 hydrological subcatchmentsThis dataset contains aerial images and digital surface models of 19 out of 20 hydrological subcatchments analysed in the project "Shortcut". The subcatchments mostly lie in rural areas of the Swiss midlands and the datasets were obtained by flights with an eBee drone (SenseFly) between October 2017 and August 2018. The resolutions of the aerial images and the digital surface models lie between 2cm/pixel and 5cm/pixel, depending on the catchment. The aerial images in this dataset were used for the publication "Hydraulic Shortcuts Increase the Connectivity of Arable Land Areas to Surface Waters" (Schönenberger, U. & Stamm C, 2021)". The publication, supporting information, datasets, and codes can be found on the Eawag Research Data Institutional Repository (DOI: 10.25678/0003J3).1Licence not specified9 months ago
- Data for: Modelling quantities and qualities of faecal sludge in Hanoi and Kampala for improved management solutionsTwo data sets collected in Hanoi, Vietnam and Kampala, Uganda on faecal sludge quantities and qualities1Licence not specified9 months ago
- Data for: Efficient and safe substrates for black soldier fly biowaste treatment along circular economy principlesBlack soldier fly larvae (BSFL) treatment is an emerging technology for the valorisation of nutrients from biowaste. Selecting suitable substrates for BSFL treatment is a frequent challenge for researchers and practitioners. We conducted a systematic assessment of BSFL treatment substrates in Nairobi, Kenya to source more substrate for upscaling an existing BSFL treatment facility. The applied approach is universal and considers four criteria: 1) substrate availability and costs, 2) BSFL process performance, 3) product safety, and 4) waste recovery hierarchy. Data were collected from previous waste assessments or semi-structured key informant interviews and sight tours of waste producers. Waste nutritional composition and BSFL process performance metrics were summarised in the “BSFL Substrate Explorer”, an open-access web application that should facilitate the replication of such assessments. We show that most biowaste in Nairobi is currently not available for facility upscaling due to contamination with inorganics and a lack of affordable waste collection services. A mixture of human faeces, animal manure, fruit/vegetable waste, and food waste (with inorganics) should be pursued for upscaling. These wastes tend to have a lower treatment performance, but in contrast to cereal-based byproducts, food industry byproducts, and segregated food waste, there is no conflict with animal feed utilization. The traceability of substrates, source control, and post-harvest processing of larvae are required to ensure feed safety. The criteria presented here ensures the design of BSFL treatment facilities based on realistic performance estimates, the production of safe insect-based products, and environmental benefits of products compared to the status quo.1Licence not specified9 months ago
- Data for: Non‐Gaussian parameter inference for hydrogeological models using Stein Variational Gradient DescentThis package includes the data and Python files for the publication "Non‐Gaussian parameter inference for hydrogeological models using Stein Variational Gradient Descent".1Licence not specifiedabout 1 year ago
- Data for: Wastewater treatment plant resistomes are shaped by bacterial composition, genetic exchange, and upregulated expression in the effluent microbiomesWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are implicated as hotspots for the dissemination of antibacterial resistance into the environment. However, the in situ processes governing removal, persistence, and evolution of resistance genes during wastewater treatment remain poorly understood. Here, we used quantitative metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches to achieve a broad-spectrum view of the flow and expression of genes related to antibacterial resistance to over 20 classes of antibiotics, 65 biocides, and 22 metals. All compartments of 12 WWTPs share persistent resistance genes with detectable transcriptional activities that were comparatively higher in the secondary effluent, where mobility genes also show higher relative abundance and expression ratios. The richness and abundance of resistance genes vary greatly across metagenomes from different treatment compartments, and their relative and absolute abundances correlate with bacterial community composition and biomass concentration. No strong drivers of resistome composition could be identified among the chemical stressors analyzed, although the sub-inhibitory concentration (hundreds of ng/L) of macrolide antibiotics in wastewater correlates with macrolide and vancomycin resistance genes. Contig-based analysis shows considerable co-localization between resistance and mobility genes and implies a history of substantial horizontal resistance transfer involving human bacterial pathogens. Based on these findings, we propose future inclusion of mobility incidence (M%) and host pathogenicity of antibiotic resistance genes in their quantitative health risk ranking models with an ultimate goal to assess the biological significance of wastewater resistomes with regard to disease control in humans or domestic livestock.1Licence not specifiedabout 1 year ago
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